{"id":29300,"date":"2025-07-14T04:54:16","date_gmt":"2025-07-14T04:54:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stecvina.com\/?post_type=solution&p=29300"},"modified":"2025-09-07T08:26:41","modified_gmt":"2025-09-07T08:26:41","slug":"chay-la-gi-tim-hieu-ve-tam-giac-chay-va-nguyen-ly-dap-lua","status":"publish","type":"solution","link":"https:\/\/stecvina.com\/en\/solution\/what-is-fire-triangle-suppression-principles\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u00e1y l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 tam gi\u00e1c ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd d\u1eadp l\u1eeda"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Ch\u00e1y l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a TCVN 3991:2012<\/strong> TI\u00caU CHU\u1ea8N PH\u00d2NG CH\u00c1Y TRONG THI\u1ebeT K\u1ebe X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG – THU\u1eacT NG\u1eee – \u0110\u1ecaNH NGH\u0128A th\u00ec s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1y l\u00e0 : T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng qua l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u1edbi \u00f4xy k\u00e8m theo t\u1ecfa nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f3i, c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e1y \u00e2m \u1ec9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng Ch\u00e1y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/strong> x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u00f4xy (O\u2082) trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7t s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00f3i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecfa nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Tam gi\u00e1c ch\u00e1y \u2013 C\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ba y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 <\/strong> \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/strong>, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tam gi\u00e1c ch\u00e1y<\/strong> g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/strong><\/td>Vai tr\u00f2<\/strong><\/td>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Ch\u1ea5t ch\u00e1y<\/strong><\/td>Nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00e1y<\/td>G\u1ed7, gi\u1ea5y, x\u0103ng, gas, \u0111i\u1ec7n, nh\u1ef1a\u2026<\/td><\/tr>
Oxy (kh\u00ed oxy)<\/strong><\/td>Duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1y (\u00edt nh\u1ea5t 16%)<\/td>Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed (21% O\u2082), h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3<\/td><\/tr>
Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 <\/strong><\/td>K\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u00e1y<\/td>L\u1eeda, tia l\u1eeda, tia s\u00e9t, \u0111i\u1ec7n\u2026<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Khi m\u1ed9t trong ba y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf, ch\u00e1y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u1eb7c s\u1ebd b\u1ecb d\u1eadp t\u1eaft<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda <\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

3. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a tam gi\u00e1c ch\u00e1y trong ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nguy\u00ean l\u00fd tam gi\u00e1c ch\u00e1y, ta c\u00f3 3 c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

a. C\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t (l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • D\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t, d\u1eadp t\u1eaft ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda.
    <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u r\u1eafn (g\u1ed7, v\u1ea3i, gi\u1ea5y\u2026).
    <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    b. C\u1eaft oxy (c\u00e1ch ly oxy v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • D\u00f9ng kh\u00ed ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y ( HFC-227ea, IG-100, IG -55, IG -541, FK 5-1-12, CO\u2082,\u2026) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y oxy ra kh\u1ecfi khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e1y<\/strong>.
      <\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ch\u00e1y trong ph\u00f2ng k\u00edn, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n.
      <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      c. Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t ch\u00e1y (c\u00e1ch ly nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • Ng\u1eebng c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, c\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn gas, d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y quanh v\u00f9ng ch\u00e1y.
        <\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u00e0 kho, x\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.
        <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        V\u1eady ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y kh\u00ed t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n oxy ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/strong> trong tam gi\u00e1c ch\u00e1y \u2013 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ng\u1eaft ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u00e1y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf d\u1eadp ch\u00e1y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y kh\u00ed nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • Kh\u00ed HFC-227ea (FM-200), FK 5-1-12 (NOVEC 1230)<\/strong>: h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u00f4 xy t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • IG-100, IG-55, IG-541<\/strong>: Gi\u1ea3m n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00f4 xy trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • CO\u2082<\/strong>: h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00f4 xy trong khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7
          <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y kh\u00ed<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
          \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/strong><\/td>L\u1ee3i \u00edch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
          Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u1eb7n, kh\u00f4ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/strong><\/td>Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u chi ph\u00ed kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 sau ch\u00e1y, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/td><\/tr>
          Kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, an to\u00e0n khi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/td>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3 kh\u00ed ngay c\u1ea3 khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n<\/td><\/tr>
          An to\u00e0n v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/strong><\/td>Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb CO2, c\u00e1c kh\u00ed HFC-227ea, IG-100, IG -55, IG -541, FK 5-1-12 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ph\u1ea1m vi x\u1ea3<\/td><\/tr>
          Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng gian, l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong><\/td>So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 spinkler v\u00e0 foarm, th\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 m\u00e1y b\u01a1m t\u0103ng \u00e1p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3<\/td><\/tr>
          \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfn \u0111a d\u1ea1ng<\/strong><\/td>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y lo\u1ea1i A (tr\u1eeb CO2) , B, C, HA v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

          \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y kh\u00ed v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, chung c\u01b0 cao t\u1ea7ng, TTTM<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (Data center), ph\u00f2ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • C\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ee9a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00e0i vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng, tr\u1ea1m BTS, Tr\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Nh\u00e0 ga s\u00e2n bay, tr\u1ea1m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0u.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a, d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y l\u1ecdc h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u, bu\u1ed3ng s\u01a1n, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1, ph\u00f2ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Kho qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kho v\u0169 kh\u00ed, kho v\u1eadt t\u01b0 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Trung t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 huy an ninh, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            B\u1ea1n \u0111ang c\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho t\u1eebng khu v\u1ef1c?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            H\u00e3y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 S-TEC VINA<\/strong> \u2013 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            S-TEC VINA<\/strong> \u2013 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng b\u1ea1n trong m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00e1o ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 TCVN m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea1t nghi\u1ec7m thu v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9: L\u00f4 CN03, khu CN \u0110\u1ed3ng V\u0103n IV, Ph\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00ea H\u1ed3, T\u1ec9nh Ninh B\u00ecnh<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Hotline: 022.6246.0114 \u2013 0386 119 114<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            VP \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n: T\u00f2a 5, D\u2019capitale, 119 \u0110. Tr\u1ea7n Duy H\u01b0ng, Trung Ho\u00e0, C\u1ea7u Gi\u1ea5y, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Email: info@stecvina.co<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":29301,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"solution_cat":[],"solution_tag":[],"class_list":["post-29300","solution","type-solution","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCh\u00e1y L\u00e0 G\u00ec? T\u00ecm Hi\u1ec3u V\u1ec1 Tam Gi\u00e1c Ch\u00e1y & Nguy\u00ean L\u00fd PCCC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ch\u00e1y l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 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